Topic
- Accessory obturator artery
- Accessory obturator vein
- Accessory saphenous vein
- Acetabular labrum
- Acetabular margin (Acetabular rim)
- Acetabular notch
- Acetabulum
- Adductor brevis muscle
- Adductor longus muscle
- Adductor magnus muscle
- Adductor minimus muscle
- Ala of ilium (wing of ilium)
- Ala of sacrum
- Ampulla of vas deferens
- Anal canal
- Anococcygeal body (anococcygeal ligament)
- Anococcygeal nerve
- Anterior Fibromuscular Stroma of prostate
- Anterior acetabular wall
- Anterior cecal artery
- Anterior division of obturator nerve (Anterior branch of obturator nerve)
- Anterior inferior iliac spine
- Anterior longitudinal ligament
- Anterior rim of acetabulum
- Anterior sacral foramina
- Anterior sacroiliac ligament
- Anterior superior iliac spine
- Aortic bifurcation
- Apex of urinary bladder
- Appendicular artery
- Areolar tissue of penis
- Articular capsule of hip joint
- Ascending colon
- Ascending mesocolon
- Body of epididymis
- Body of femur
- Body of ilium
- Body of ischium
- Body of pubis
- Body of urinary bladder
- Body of vertebra
- Buck's fascia (Deep fascia of penis)
- Bulb of Penis
- Bulbospongiosus muscle (Male)
- Bulbourethral gland (Cowper’s glands)
- Cecum
- Central zone of prostate
- Co (Coccyx)
- Coccygeal nerve
- Coccygeal plexus
- Coccygeus muscle
- Coccyx
- Common iliac lymph nodes
- Common iliac vein
- Conjoint tendon of biceps femoris & semitendinosus
- Corona of glans penis
- Coronal sulcus
- Corpus cavernosum
- Corpus spongiosum
- Cremaster fascia
- Cremaster muscle
- Crus of penis
- Cystic artery
- Dartos fascia
- Deep circumflex iliac artery
- Deep dorsal vein of penis
- Deep dorsal vein of the penis
- Deep femoral artery (profunda femoris)
- Deep femoral vein (profunda femoris vein)
- Deep transverse perineal muscle
- Descending mesocolon
- Dorsal ramus of spinal nerve
- Ejaculatory duct
- Epididymis
- Erector spinae muscles
- Exiting nerve root of spinal nerve S1
- Exiting nerve root of spinal nerve S2
- Exiting nerve root of spinal nerve S3
- Exiting nerve root of spinal nerve S4
- Exiting nerve root of spinal nerve S5
- External anal sphincter
- External iliac artery
- External iliac lymph nodes
- External iliac vein
- External spermatic fascia
- External urethral orifice
- External urethral sphincter (male)
- Fascia of pelvic diaphragm
- Female urethra
- Femoral artery
- Femoral nerve
- Femoral shaft
- Femoral vein
- Femur
- Filum terminale internum
- Foreskin
- Fovea for ligament of head of femur
- Fundus of urinary bladder
- Genitofemoral nerve
- Glans penis
- Gluteal lymph nodes
- Gluteus maximus muscle
- Gluteus medius muscle
- Gluteus medius tendon
- Gluteus minimus muscle
- Gluteus minimus tendon
- Gracilis muscle
- Greater sciatic notch
- Greater trochanter
- Head of epididymis
- Head of femur
- Hip joint
- Ileal arteries
- Ileocolic artery
- Ileocolic artery colic branches
- Ileocolic artery ileal branches
- Ileum
- Iliac bone
- Iliac crest
- Iliac fossa
- Iliac tubercle
- Iliac tuberosity
- Iliococcygeus muscle
- Iliocostalis lumborum muscle
- Iliofemoral Ligament inferior band (vertical band, medial band)
- Iliofemoral Ligament superior band (transverse band, lateral band)
- Iliofemoral ligament
- Iliohypogastric nerve
- Iliolumbar ligament
- Iliopsoas muscle
- Iliopsoas tendon
- Iliopubic eminence
- Iliotibial tract
- Ilium bone
- Inferior articular process of L5 vertebra
- Inferior epigastric artery
- Inferior epigastric veins
- Inferior gemellus muscle
- Inferior gluteal artery
- Inferior gluteal nerve
- Inferior gluteal vein
- Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
- Inferior mesenteric vein
- Inferior pubic ligament
- Inferior pubic ramus
- Inferior rectal nerve
- Inferior rim of acetabulum
- Inferior vesical artery
- Inguinal ligament
- Inguinal lymph nodes
- Intercommunicating branches of L3–L4 nerves
- Intermediate lacunar external iliac lymph nodes
- Intermediate sacral crest
- Internal anal sphincter
- Internal iliac artery
- Internal iliac lymph nodes
- Internal iliac vein
- Internal oblique muscle
- Internal pudendal artery
- Internal pudendal vein
- Internal spermatic fascia
- Internal urethral orifice
- Internal urethral sphincter (male)
- Interosseous sacroiliac ligament
- Interspinales lumborum muscle
- Intertrochanteric line
- Ischial spine
- Ischial tuberosity
- Ischioanal fossa
- Ischiocavernosus muscle (Male)
- Ischiococcygeus muscle
- Ischiofemoral ligament
- Ischiopubic ramus
- Ischium bone
- Jejunal arteries
- L (Lumbar spine)
- L1–L2 Intervertebral Disc
- L2–L3 Intervertebral Disc
- L3–L4 Intervertebral Disc
- L4–L5 Intervertebral Disc
- L5–S1 Intervertebral disc
- Lateral circumflex femoral artery
- Lateral circumflex femoral veins
- Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
- Lateral part of sacrum
- Lateral sacral artery
- Lateral sacral crest
- Lateral sacral vein
- Left colic artery
- Left paracolic gutter
- Left ureter
- Lesser trochanter
- Levator ani muscle
- Ligamentum teres (ligament of the head of femur)
- Linea alba
- Lobule of testis
- Longissimus thoracis muscle
- Lumbar triangle
- Lumbosacral joint
- Lumbosacral trunk
- Marginal artery of Drummond
- Meatus of the urethra
- Medial circumflex femoral artery
- Medial circumflex femoral vein
- Medial cluneal nerves
- Median sacral crest
- Median sacral vein
- Median umbilical ligament
- Mediastinum testis
- Membranous urethra
- Mesorectal fascia
- Mesorectal free fluid
- Mesorectum
- Muscular branches of femoral nerve
- Neck of femur
- Neck of urinary bladder
- Obturator artery
- Obturator externus muscle
- Obturator externus tendon
- Obturator foramen
- Obturator internus muscle
- Obturator internus tendon
- Obturator lymph nodes
- Obturator nerve
- Obturator vein
- Obturator veins
- Pampiniform plexus
- Parietal peritoneum
- Parietal tunica vaginalis
- Pectineus muscle
- Pedicle of vertebra
- Penile urethra
- Penis
- Perineal nerves
- Peripheral zone of prostate
- Piriformis muscle
- Posterior acetabular wall
- Posterior division of obturator nerve (Posterior branch of obturator nerve)
- Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
- Posterior inferior iliac spine
- Posterior longitudinal ligament
- Posterior rim of acetabulum
- Posterior sacral foramina
- Posterior sacroiliac ligament
- Posterior superior iliac spine
- Preperitoneal space
- Presacral fascia
- Prostatic urethra
- Psoas major muscle
- Pubic bone
- Pubic symphysis
- Pubic tubercle
- Puboanalis muscle
- Pubococcygeus muscle
- Pubofemoral ligament
- Puboprostatic ligament
- Puboprostaticus muscle
- Puborectalis muscle
- Pudendal artery
- Pudendal nerve
- Pudendal vein
- Pyramidal muscle (pyramidalis muscle)
- Quadratus femoris muscle
- Quadratus lumborum muscle
- Ramus of ischium
- Rectal proper fascia (Fascia propria of the rectum)
- Rectococcygeal muscle
- Rectoprostatic fascia (Denonvilliers' fascia)
- Rectosacral fascia (Waldeyer's fascia)
- Rectovesical pouch
- Rectum
- Rectus femoris muscle
- Rectus femoris tendon (Proximal tendon of rectus femoris)
- Retropubic space
- Right paracolic gutter
- Rotatores lumborum muscles
- Rotatores thoracis muscles
- S (Sacral spine)
- Sacral canal
- Sacral cornu (sacral horn)
- Sacral hiatus
- Sacral lymph nodes
- Sacral plexus
- Sacral splanchnic nerves
- Sacroiliac joint
- Sacrospinous ligament
- Sacrotuberous ligament
- Sacrum
- Saphenous nerve
- Sartorius Tendon (Proximal)
- Sartorius muscle
- Sciatic nerve
- Scrotal fluid
- Semimembranosus tendon (proximal)
- Seminal vesicle
- Septum of scrotum
- Septum of testis
- Septum of the penis (Penile septum)
- Sigmoid colon
- Skin of scrotum
- Small intestine
- Spermatic cord
- Spermatic cord nerves
- Spinal nerve Co1
- Spinal nerve L2
- Spinal nerve L3
- Spinal nerve L4
- Spinal nerve L5
- Spinal nerve S1
- Spinal nerve S2
- Spinal nerve S3
- Spinal nerve S4
- Spinal nerve S5
- Spinalis thoracis muscle
- Stomach
- Subcutaneous tissue (scrotum)
- Superficial circumflex iliac artery
- Superficial circumflex iliac vein
- Superficial dorsal vein of penis
- Superficial femoral artery
- Superficial inguinal lymph nodes
- Superficial transverse perineal muscle
- Superior articular process of S1 vertebra
- Superior articular process of sacrum
- Superior articular process of vertebra
- Superior cluneal nerves
- Superior gemellus muscle
- Superior gluteal artery
- Superior gluteal nerve
- Superior gluteal veins
- Superior pubic ligament
- Superior pubic ramus
- Superior rectal artery
- Superior rectal vein
- Superior rim of acetabulum
- Superior vesical artery
- T (Thoracic spine)
- T12–L1 Intervertebral Disc
- Tail of epididymis
- Tensor fasciae latae muscle
- Tensor fasciae latae tendon
- Terminal ileum
- Testicular artery
- Testis
- Thoracic aorta
- Transitional zone of prostate
- Transverse abdominal muscle
- Transverse acetabular ligament
- Transverse mesocolon
- Transverse perineal muscle
- Transverse process of vertebra
- Transverse processes
- Transverse ridges
- Transversus abdominis muscle
- Traversing nerve root of spinal nerve
- Traversing nerve root of spinal nerve S1
- Traversing nerve root of spinal nerve S2
- Traversing nerve root of spinal nerve S3
- Traversing nerve root of spinal nerve S4
- Trigone of urinary bladder
- Tunica albuginea (penis)
- Tunica albuginea of testis
- Umbilical artery
- Union of common iliac veins
- Ureteric Orifice
- Ureters
- Urinary bladder
- Vas deferens
- Vastus intermedius muscle
- Vastus lateralis muscle
- Vastus medialis muscle
- Vertebrae
- Vesical veins
- Vesical venous plexus
- Visceral tunica vaginalis
- Zona orbicularis ligament
- Zygapophyseal joint
- common iliac artery
- great saphenous vein
The accessory obturator artery (AOA) is an anatomical variant present in approximately 10–30% of individuals. It typically arises from the external iliac artery or inferior epigastric artery, rather than the internal iliac system. When present, it runs along the superior pubic ramus toward the obturator canal, often forming an anastomosis with the obturator artery.
This artery is clinically significant because it may contribute to the vascularization of the obturator region, pubic bone, and medial thigh, and can create a corona mortis (Latin for "crown of death") when it forms a large pubic anastomosis between the external and internal iliac systems. Injury to this artery during pelvic or hernia surgery can result in life-threatening hemorrhage.
Function
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Provides collateral circulation to the obturator territory when the main obturator artery is absent, small, or compromised
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Supplies branches to the pubic bone, hip joint capsule, and adductor muscles
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Clinically important in pelvic trauma, hernia repairs, orthopedic and gynecological surgery
MRI Appearance
T1-weighted images:
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Artery appears as a small linear hypointense flow void coursing over the superior pubic ramus
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Seen within bright perivascular fat of pelvis
T2-weighted images:
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Artery lumen is a signal void
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In thrombosed or diseased variants, lumen may appear hyperintense relative to surrounding fat
STIR:
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Fat suppression makes the artery more visible within pelvic fat
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Helps identify perivascular edema, hematoma, or inflammatory changes
T1 Post-Gadolinium (with fat suppression):
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Artery enhances brightly and homogeneously
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Useful for tracing the course, anastomoses, and presence of corona mortis
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Highlights arterial wall thickening or tumor encasement if present
MRA Pelvis with Gadolinium:
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Clearly delineates the origin, course, and anastomoses of the accessory obturator artery
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Identifies connection with inferior epigastric artery, external iliac artery, or obturator artery
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Excellent for detecting vascular variants prior to surgery
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Useful in mapping pelvic vasculature in trauma, tumor embolization, or preoperative planning
CT Appearance
Non-contrast CT:
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Artery not well seen without contrast
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Can suggest its location along the superior pubic ramus by small vessel density
CT Post-Contrast:
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Vessel opacifies clearly along superior pubic ramus
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Detects vascular variants, aneurysms, or active bleeding
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Important in trauma imaging when pelvic fractures are associated with hemorrhage